What was expected of women - a brief overview

Women today have a choice of what to wear. We aren't expected to be housewives all our lives, be stay at home moms for life, or focus solely on finding a husband. We can now be single, working women. We can be married working women, too, thanks to the changing times and the freedom we have acquired in today's era. If you so desire you can be a stay-at-home mom, but it's a choice you can make for yourself. The point? We have a choice.

1950s ad for a mixer 

I'm going to give you a brief overview of every era up to now. Coming up next week is the men's side of expectations up until now. 

The Overview

 1800s-  Your status, in this case, matters. Middle and upper-class white women had the expectation of educating the kids. Either way, you stayed home and raised the kids. Being in the public sphere wasn't a woman's place, according to that society. There were white women writing, usually under a different, male, name. While some did that, others used their actual names.

women sewing in factories in 1800

African descent meant being slaves, most of the time. African American descent had a role in their tribal public spheres, but not white public spheres. White society overlooked Native American
society often. 

  Some women went into higher education and founded schools. The abolition movement was getting started at this point. There were limitations to speaking in public life, however, and that led them to fight for more voice. Work, mostly sewing, was being introduced with the invention of the sewing machine, and many women did work, especially if they were widowed. 

1900 working women

1900s -  Still, it was assumed women were domestic. If you were upper class, you found a husband and raised a family. Women were being more educated at this point. The direct result was exercising rights and contributing to the economy, as well speaking on their own behalf politically. Some were absorbed as workers in Mills. However, after World War I ended, the women who worked in place of men were sent back to the domestic sphere, just like another era I'm going to talk about. 

 1920/1930-  Flappers began around 1920, and this is the year of prohibition, the failed movement that caused more drinking than ever before. Attitudes towards women were changing. The right to vote was extended to women, so women had a political voice now(Though some remained convinced women were purely domestic, and this is coming from women and men). The political reforms for prisons and child labor were the fruit of women in the political sphere. 

College was not an expectation for women, like it is now, but when they did get educations it was for nursing or teaching. Women were not welcomed in with open arms, as a general rule, when it came to higher education, yet women were getting into colleges with more frequency. 

Women working wasn't the trend at this point, either, given that 15 percent of white and 30 percent of black women held down jobs. The popular opinion was that if the husband worked, the woman didn't. Young unmarried women were getting jobs more often. Think secretaries and retail, with young women. It was acceptable to live outside of home if you worked. By 1930 one in four women held a paying job. However, majority worked only until marriage. 

four flappers drinking-1920

Cigarettes among women became popular, as well, for sophistication and fashion. The flapper was
freedom for women, representing less restrictive rules for clothes and behavior. Women were now in the public sphere and more independent, along with more freedom from society rules. 

1940/1950 -   In 1940, the wartime call to join the army meant fewer jobs filled, and women filled those roles, though they were expected to return to the home afterward. Women, too, were being accepted into military roles, including intelligence operations that dealt with codes (though it was kept hush-hush to the point that it is barely known about). To replace the boys playing baseball, girls took their place at the call of Wrigley at Wrigley Field. Women were on top when the men were away. 

propaganda 1950 

1950 brought a national agenda for the return of normal, family-centered, life. This was also the cold war era, so there was general uneasiness. Women were highly encouraged to be purely domestic, in contrast to the propaganda that showed communists as just the opposite. It discouraged women from working because communist women worked miserably and put their kids in a cold daycare center. 

We went from Rosy the Riveter to "go back to the kitchen". 

You might be familiar with MRS degrees, that is, getting married out of high school or college, and probably not finishing your degree. Basically, you go to college to find a man. Though employment rose, media urged women to be domestic. Most had large families right away. Stay-at-home mothers were highly encouraged and women working when they were financially okay beforehand were considered selfish. 

While singleness was a bad sign then, single and pregnant was worse. They were sent away to homes for wayward women and shunned by society. Thus birth control was more of a need, either that or you obeyed society and only had sex in marriage. Sex was for marriage and considered a key part of a happy marriage. Without birth control, this meant having a lot of kids. When the pill came out there was much joy. 

1960

1960/1970 -     The sixties was yet another changing time. The birth control pill was a new invention, called Enovid. Women entered the workforce more, now able to control how many kids they had. They were being challenged to follow their dreams by Betty Friedan's book. The work world was adjusting work regulations. Women took on political roles once again. TV shows stuck with the 1950 dream, but movies were moving to women who didn't fit that mold. Women weren't held back as much anymore. Political roles grew as women's rights movements became bigger. Women were gaining government roles as they fought for more rights. 

1980/1990 -  The war on drugs was now in full swing, and the first lady Nancy Reagan started the "just say no" campaign. College was now becoming more and more common for women, mostly for library science, home economics, nursing, teaching, and social services. These weren't decision making jobs. Pay still wasn't equal. "Ms." was now a term used, and you can't tell marriage status from that. It was for privacy and lack of focus on marriage status. 

With movies, women had more leading roles. These were more mature roles, less sex symbols. We all know Hollywood still uses women for sex symbols, but there was less of that going on in 1980. 

From the movie Pretty Woman

1990 brought online work, with the internet, so women could work from home. Some still do, to this
day, and make good money. It also brought more sex symbols in movies back, and women's dependence on men. Men were more leading roles. 

College was even more popular here. Feminism was still alive here. Women were going for decision making jobs at this point in time.

Present day (2000s)

Today we don't have strict rules for female roles, from 2000 on. To be egalitarian in view means equal opportunity (and in marriage, equal partnership). That is now the majority in this present time. The time for strict roles is gone. You can do, more or less, what you want. 

Given that, there are still some limitations in some careers. Careers that are still dominated by men include truck driving, carpentry, construction, and automotive. The heavy lifting and hands-on dirty work are not presented as options for women most times, because we are either small human beings (I am at least, I'm short.) or we are pushed into college education. While there are exceptions to that rule, as always, most females aren't running towards the labor-intensive jobs because they are presented as men's work by ads, and when night work comes into the picture some worry for their safety as a woman. That doesn't mean you can't do these jobs if you are female. All that means is that you are one of the few if you do.

This has been an overview of women in society and what is expected of us. Next week tune in for the men's side of things. Merry Christmas! God bless us, every one!

Pictures:
the classroom
misadventures magazine
all that's interesting

makinghistoryatmacquarie-wordpress
medium
the study
Hollywood Reporter

fueloyal

Sources:

https://www.thoughtco.com/women-in-1800s-4141147

https://www.aresearchguide.com/lifestyle-middle-class-young-american-women-early-nineteenth-century.html

https://www.ncpedia.org/history/20th-Century/1920s-women

http://americanhistory1940-50.blogspot.com/p/role-of-women-during-1940s.html

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/pill-mrs-america-womens-roles-1950s/

https://www.historycentral.com/sixty/Americans/WOMEN.html

https://sites.google.com/site/exploringtheseventies/home/politics/the-role-of-women-in-the-70-s

http://www.infobarrel.com/American_History_of_Women_in_the_1980s

http://www.infobarrel.com/American_History_of_Women_in_the_1990s

https://uiwomenscenter.wordpress.com/2015/10/22/women-throughout-the-decades/
https://www.cnn.com/2019/03/08/success/women-male-dominated-occupations/index.html

chivalry - what is it really?

Chivalry, some of us think it is holding the door open for women and that is all. We'd be wrong, then. Chivalry code has to do with integrity as a knight, love, and battle. Yes, it does say treating women well is good, but it also has the guidelines to a fair fight.

Chivalry is the honor code of a knight. In Medieval times this was understood by all. It was a part of their society.  A knight was aggressive in battle, but honorable at home. There was etiquette when it came to women. Think King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table and you have the romanticized example.

The Code

According to The Song of Roland, this was the code knights adhered to. 

1. serve God/maintain Church  2. serve Liege Lord in valour/faith  3. protect the weak/defenseless

4. give aid (succour) to widows/orphans  5. refrain from offending  6. live by honor for glory 

7. despise being paid for reward  8. fight for welfare of all  9. obey authority  

10. guard fellow knights' honor 11. avoid unfairness/meanness/deceit  12. keep faith 

 13. speak truth  14. persevere to the end/finish tasks  15. respect/honor women  

The romanticized Chivalry

16. never refuse challenge from an equal   17. never turn back to foe

As you can see, only one of these is honor to women and the rest have to do with faith, public duty, and battle. Saving the damsel in distress does fall into the code as number three, protecting the weak and defenseless, but is also number fifteen. Knights were honorable people, if they followed this code. There were plenty that didn't.

Why it was created

The rise of knights meant a lot of hired thugs were around wearing armor and riding horses, while also wearing swords. They were prone to violence and sometimes rewarded with someone's blessing to plunder the land, raping, looting, and burning along the way. The code was a way to protect the elite's reputation, as well as protect the people below them, supposedly. 

The code was not always followed, and the fourth crusade, where the Pope told them not to sack Constantinople, and they did, was one of those times. The noble class got most of the respect, in the case of this code, because knights were into women of status and the code was to cover the elite's hind ends. The poor were not so lucky, in that way. Ordinary women weren't as respected. Only a few texts that referenced chivalry warned against burning towns and raping women, so the reality of chivalry was not as romantic as King Arthur led us to believe.

Chivalry today

Today our idea of Chivalry came from the romantic stories of knights romancing women. I'd say it can be summed up in one word; integrity and putting women on a pedestal. That is one code I can live with. 

After what I just learned about actual knights, I'd say that Knight's Tale is actually more accurate when it comes to the code and how knights actually acted. Is it overly accurate? Probably not, but my point is this; the way those knights acted was far more real than the romantic stories written about them. The character of Count Adhemar was an elite and treated William like dirt, and he went after only noble women, which is a better example of how it actually worked back then. 

Count Adhemar beside Jocelyn

Pictures:
pinterest
reddit
vulture


sources:
http://www.medieval-life-and-times.info/medieval-knights/code-of-chivalry.htm
https://www.history.com/news/chivalry-knights-middle-ages

Women's body image then and now

Body image has changed for women over time and anyone who pays attention to the ladies' fashion department knows. Looking at ads from all different time periods, the female gender has been told to gain weight and have curves, then lose weight to look like a store mannequin, all because of changing fashion trends.

This blog will include many ads from way back when that are not exactly nice to women, so if you are offended by them, just know that they are here to illustrate my point on changing body trends. They are here to show what society expected of women in that time period. Thank you for understanding.

From the Beginning

Starting from 1910 until now, let's dig into the changing trends.

The trend in 1910 was to have a tiny waist, referred to technically as a Gibson Girl.  A Gibson Girl body was a small waist with large hips and a soft body. Large curls were the usual touch, as well. It was a corset time period, but I could say that of a lot of eras. Being tall was a plus. 

1920 was a boyish era, and being short was now a plus. Smoking was a hot trend and having cleavage was discouraged. Naturally flat chest? You're in luck! Flappers are in, and so are attractive legs. 

And now we are back to having a waist in 1930. Add some more curve, but not as much as 1910. 

Increase bust size slightly and you have the trend down perfectly. 

1940s woman in torpedo bra

The 1940s began torpedo bras, so up that bust size to a ridiculous amount. Make your shoulders broader and make yourself 5'8". Soft became angular in this era. All this echoed the role of women taking over the factory work during the war. Soft was for home, not the factories. 

The hourglass shape started in 1950. Curves return, big time! Hip and butt padding was sold to achieve this look, should you not have the weight on you. Here we have Jessica Rabbit. Women were encouraged by ads in magazines to gain weight.  Big boobs were a thing. 

Twiggy, a stick of a model in 1960, started the exact polar opposite of Jessica Rabbit. Narrow hips, 5'6" height, anorexia galore, delicate features, and clothes hanging off you like you were a hanger are the trend. Weight loss time! This was just the beginning of the starving models that died at their own desire to be a twig. The goal was to have no stomach without the aid of a corset.

1970 rolls around and the flat stomach remains, just add a little more height. We're back to having B size boobs now. Spandex, a fabric that doesn't forgive easily, continued the fitness demand. Cigarettes are advertised for weight loss, too. 

1990s woman

1980 brings a continued love of flat stomachs. Being tall was a plus, once again, and a love for legs, again. Jogging and aerobics are a thing right now. Those cheesy exercise videos from the 80s were probably the start of those exercise weight loss DVDs you see now. 

Petite makes a comeback in the 90s, where small and boyish returns. Spanx were invented here. Low-fat diets were a trend. 5'7" is an average height that fits this era. Tall is out. 

2000 brought even more fitness and muscular abs. It seems that fitness never ends. Exposed midriff is a clothing trend here. Britney Spears fits in about here, if you want an example. 

The 2010 era is near to ending, so let's just spotlight that one. Butts were a big deal. Big butt? You fit the trend. Doesn't mention breasts, just butts, but I think the same concept applies to breasts. Listen to any music from 2010 and tally all the "butt" references you find, including images in music videos. You may just shock yourself with how much you ignored.

Ads and Society

Did you think that was the end? Far from it. I want to talk about the ads society puts in women's faces on TV, magazines, and media in general. I'm going to showcase the ads in every era in this section. If you're still reading, remember the warning above, about the ads not being particularly nice to women. 

1910 ads - 

The ads above are all real. You'll notice any images have a corsetted waist that looks really unhealthy and fat is the enemy. If one was bigger in body one was not in fashion or healthy, according to these ads.

1920 ads -

 Notice the lack of boobage and the ad for cigarettes aimed at women. Also, that fat was discouraged in both sexes.

1930 ads -

The ads here encourage weight gain and shape, and so many of the ads I'm not focusing on are about hygiene, but that can be another day's post.

1940 ads -

Being slim continues to be a trend. Also, every woman here has a noticeable waist.

1950 ads -

With these, you notice circle skirts are the fashion and that women were focused on men, that is, if you followed the fashion advice of these ads.

1960 -

 These women don't have a lot of shape, and as illustrated by the middle ad, we see that women with shape weren't trendy. Also, cigarettes "made you slim" according to the ad on the far right.

1970 -

Dodge charger 1970

The 1970s was a time of wanting bigger bustlines. Society wanted women with more on top.

1980 -

Once again, selling cigarettes to women continues. Also, women are wearing looser clothing and pants more often. A flat stomach pursuit is obvious by the far right ad, starring an actress from I Dream of Genie.

1990 - 

Midriffs were major here, so were legs. Two of these ads are Versace and both are midriff styles. Madonna on the far right is wearing a midriff with jeans, and in my opinion, looks nicer than the far left or center ad. 

2000 - 

 The one to the left is a "got milk" poster, you know, the ones everyone saw in the school cafeteria. This one looks less than innocent, I'd say given her open shirt and her position.

The one on the right is a magazine cover for a prom magazine. Most of the other ads were for makeup, the ads I didn't put here. Makeup could be another day's blog post subject.

2010 -

Dove Campaign

The women's health cover on the far left illustrates that fat is still the enemy and society still wants flat stomachs. The Dove campaigns affirm all body types, judging by the different tones and shapes on the picture. What I also notice is they all have waists and curves. We can't tell much about Ariana Grande on the far right. All I know is that she is fond of showing skin, another growing trend. 

My Point

Why all the ads? Well, here's the point I'm trying to make. The ads reflect the culture. The less sexist the time, the less sexist the ads. At this point in time sexist ads get nailed almost as soon as the debut because of feminists and more vocal women. I can't say the same for 1910-1960, however, and frankly, I'm appalled at what was told to women through those ads. Sexism is still out there, but compared to the eras before us, we did get somewhere.  

Sources:

https://greatist.com/grow/100-years-womens-body-image#8

Pictures:

my modern met                              etsy

stuff nobody cares about               messynessychic

tribupedia                                    harper's bazaar

web urbanist                                refinery 29

stanford research                          the rage

ebay                                              huffpost

witness2fashion                           billboard

sammy davis vintage                   women's health

pinterest                                       demilked.com

all that's interesting

cyberheritage

flickriver

flashbak

vintage clothes/fashion ads of 1950

vintage ad browser

representations of women and girls in the media

university of leeds

motor1.com

popscreen

ghost of the doll

ebid

picclick

Human Trafficking - protecting yourself and others

Sex trafficking has been going on for a long time and should stop. Today I want to inform you of what you can do to help victims of this awful crime and how to prevent yourself and others from being trafficked.

Let's start with an actual definition of what this crime is. It is slavery for the purpose of sex, labor, or organ harvesting, to put it simply. Several organizations rescue victims on a daily basis and protect them, such as Rahab Ministries, Rahab's Daughters, Children of the Night, and several other organizations you can give money to and volunteer at. There is also a hotline for this crime, seen above. Some of these organizations also help women out of prostitution (selling your act of sex on the street). 

Prevention

There are trainings on this topic at multiple places, so look around your area to see what's closest. Aside from that, here is what you can do. 

1. Say something if you see something - The police can't catch them if you don't report it, so report it. Kidnappings happen quickly and a professional kidnapper will have someone in their vehicle real quick. On top of that, this a crime that is done in groups. Say something before they are over the border!

2. Volunteer for/give to organizations - Anyone can do this, at any organization they choose. It's not hard to do and they appreciate the help. If you can't give time, give money or supplies for safe houses. 

3. Raise Awareness - Post the hotline on your social media, host events that broadcast it exists, and generally make people aware that it is still happening, so that they can take steps. It ripples across the population we interact with and creates a safer world when we look out for each other, and that starts with awareness.

The Possible Signs 

There are a large number of red flags to look out for, but not all of them mean human trafficking. The rule of logical deduction says The Rule of Three is a generally helpful rule. In other words, if you see one of these you may not want to jump to conclusions, but if you see three or more, say something.

- can't leave job or quit   - no financial control over pay   - physical injury/abuse  

- has an escort to speak for them   - fear/under someone's control   - untended health issues

- owe money and bound to repay   - moving/changing jobs often/suddenly  

 - unfamiliar with area they live in     - not working job originally promised 

- travels with minimal/inappropriate luggage  - no documentation/lack of control over documents

- provide sexual services in club/has manager  - labor/serve but never leave home/work  

- can't contact family   - not allowed social contact/religious services  - restricted freedom

- child engaged in sexual acts  - afraid of authorities  - forced work under bad conditions 

- excessively long hours for long periods of time

Additionally, they may not reach out for help for reasons of a threat toward their family, money issues, drug issues, twisted affection towards their handler, fear of deportation and law enforcement, mistrust, or not knowing how to get help. They also may not know they are being trafficked, probably in the case of young children. On top of that, they may not know the culture they were dropped into. 

Types of Trafficking

There are many different types of this crime, with different targets. It seems that our children are always targets, much like women, but LGBT are becoming targets, too. 

Forced labor is one type that has some subcategories. Those include debt bondage and involuntary domestic servants. If one owe's someone and they are working off their debt today, it is not normal. It was done legally way-back-when, but not now,and even then they were freed. In this case, they never pay it off and end up as slaves. The latter, involuntary servants, are trapped in a situation where they work for little or no pay and can't leave their employer. They are isolated and trapped, and most likely, abused. 

Sex trafficking is the most well known of all the categories. Through force or coercion, these people (they take all genders and ages) are exploited for sex. It happens in strip clubs, brothels, private homes, and several other places. They are often shipped off somewhere. Common targets are women, children, and LGBT individuals. Another sex category is commerical sexual exploitation of children (CSEC). Kids having sex with adults, in short, and being payed for it.

Child labor is, obviously, children being forced into labor. Bad working conditions, health risks, and they're probably badly cared for, too. The subcategories here are domestic work, sex, begging, illegal activities, illegal adoption, early marriage, and child soldiers. This all includes enslavement, too. Street kids are likely targets for some of this. Child soldiers are self-explanatory, but I'm talking about the details, anyway. If they are 17 or younger and are used for military purposes, they are child soldiers. Both genders are taken, so don't assume the girls aren't targets.

 Forced marriage is connected to multiple categories because it enables some of these things above to happen. Age matters not, just that an individual didn't consent to marry, but was forced to. In the case of children, it causes even more damage. It also allows someone to travel with their "husband/wife" or handler as a married couple and be forced into labor or the sex trade. 

Tactics of Human Traffickers

There are many tactics used to trap victims. Homeless runaways, immigrants, and abuse victims are common targets and can be easily taken in. Illegal immigrants are leveraged by lack of documentation quite often and homeless runaways are lured in for a warm bed or a job and end up forced into work or sex.  

Commonly, it starts with the promise of a good job, an opportunity, or a loving relationship. Other times it starts with kidnapping or substance abuse. Just like any emotionally and physically abusive relationship, they end up trapped and without a way to contact help. 

I mentioned before that this is a crime done in groups. It is also done individually. It happens in stores, malls, and parking lots, and is a great reason to go everywhere in groups (bathrooms included). 

Here are a few common tactics to look out for.

1. lured in by relationship - Also known as being abused and groomed for the trade

  2. fake job ads - Long story short, do your research before you go to your interview

  3. Cults  -  grooming a whole group of people for the trade all at once

4. drugged at a party - check your drinks for drugs and be careful what parties you go to

5. social media meet-ups  -  don't friend someone who you don't personally know, and don't meet them offline

6. sold by family - some people sell their kids to the trade

Abduction is rarely used, and mostly on street runaways, but it is out there. I mistrust going to malls and gas stations alone, personally. I even go to cosplay conventions with at least one person, my tall strong boyfriend and any other friends we want to take with us. I wrote a blog on self-defense and that can be connected directly to this one. 

I just gave you a lot of information, so here's the bottom line. To make a long story short, pay attention to your environment. Be careful who befriends you. Trust your gut. Think for yourself and do your research. Don't hit accept on friend requests you don't know. Don't accept strangers' drinks. Say something if you see something suspicious. 

Sources:

rahabsdaughters.org/

https://humantraffickingsearch.org/

https://polarisproject.org/victims-traffickers

bigeasymagazine.com/

http://www.bethejam.org/tactics

Pictures:

HHS.gov

the san diego union tribune

endslaverytn.org

polaris website

the history of the high heel

Some of you may not know that men once wore high heels as a status symbol. They were not created to torture women, contrary to popular belief.

A Brief History

They were worn in Persia, 15th Century, worn by soldiers to help secure their feet to stirrups. Created for men. Read that sentence again. That's right, ladies, these were for men first. They weren't created to oppress women. This trend spread to Europe, where male aristocrats used them to look taller and more sophisticated.

Greek actors wore them 2000 years ago, and the higher the cork platform heel the more important the character on the stage. 

Now we get to women's heels. 15th-17th century heels made European women tall, to the point that maids were sometimes used as crutches. These were hidden under skirts. Higher heels meant more cloth to the dress, a status symbol. 

1673 was the year King Louis XIV introduced red sole and heels, then restricted their use to nobles.
The color, another status symbol (see the trend?). 

You may not realize it, but chinese foot binding creates a similar gait (walking pattern) to modern high heels. Foot binding didn't really die out until early 20th Century. 

The 1800's ended the high heel trend for men because loyalty to the crown ended during the french revolution. The Victorian era, late 1800 to 1900, was only the beginning of women and high heels, partly because of the sewing machine meant easy stitching for sewing uppers into shoes. Heels were now females only. Women were now pictured in heels and considered sexy.

WWII and 50's trends reinforced the feminine trend of glamour and feminine heels. Christian Dior created the stiletto. It was a growing trend for everyday women.

The feminist movement lowered the heel in the 60's and 70's. Mary Janes and platforms became popular again around this time. You aren't seeing stilettos in Austin Powers movies, for example, but you are seeing stilettos.

Today's Trends

Today we see lots of high heels, but lots of low heels, too. We can choose our own style. I, personally, will wear them for cosplay and on formal occasions, but seldom do I wear them daily. I usually bring flats with me when I do wear them. Others wear them every day (Ouch, let's call Dr. Scholls!) or not at all. Do what you want.

Look up Kinky Boots on broadway, Max Klinger from MASH, or Rocky Horror Picture Show and we see men wearing them, once again, but for different reasons. Max Klinger is wearing them to get a section 8 (translation, to appear crazy and get an army discharge) and the other two examples are wearing them for reasons of sexuality and breaking the mold. Some men have worn them as a joke or for stage roles.

Their Effect On The Body

 A word of caution to those who wear them often; Stilettos strain your knees and ankles. Heels age joints faster. Lower back, neck, and shoulder pain is common because your body is put out of alignment. They force you to arch your back, and while this was once considered or still considered sexy to some, it makes you hurt more. 

It is actually suggested to do certain stretches after long periods of wearing heels. This includes this routine below. 

1. lay a book (1 inch spined) on floor

2. While standing, place ball of right foot on book and rest heel on ground

3. bend forward at waist, then try to grab toes on book (okay to bend knees slightly)

4. hold for 30 seconds

5. switch feet, repeat 2 to 3 times

6. gradually add an inch per week up to 3 inches

Also, high heels should fit snugly and firmly hold your foot. If you slide in them, you can cause blisters, bleeding feet, and toenail trouble. All painful. I realistically suggest Dr. Scholls products, in all seriousness, when wearing heels for the sake of comfort and safety.

Pictures:
Messy Nessy Chic
macleans.ca
teen vogue
vintage dancer
vocal
tumblr



Sources:
https://www.teenvogue.com/story/heels-history-men
https://www.image.ie/life/history-high-heels-117052
https://osteopathic.org/what-is-osteopathic-medicine/the-real-harm-in-high-heels/